Belgium

Flemish Bloc (VB)

Led by Frank Vanhecke

11.6%
 of the 2003 general election votes

This extreme-Right, racist Flemish nationalist party is the direct descendant of the pre-war fascist movement and campaigns for an amnesty for second world war nazi collaborators. Its anti-immigrant agenda has included the publication of 'Immigration: the solutions', a 70 point strategy based on Le Pen's programme for National Preference. In the 2003 general election, it ran on the slogan 'Our own people first' and demanded that Belgium completely close its borders to immigrants.

While Belgium is governed by a federal coalition government of Liberals, Socialists and Greens, the VB is the fifth largest party in the country, following a significant increase in support in the May 2003 general election. The VB scored 11.6 per cent of the national vote (17.9 per cent of the vote in Flanders, the Dutch-speaking northern half of Belgium). It gained three seats, and now has 18 seats (up five) in the Federal Chamber of Representatives (total 150 seats), where it is led by Gerolf Annermans.

In Antwerp, at least one in three voters backed the VB in the 2003 general election. It has 30 per cent of the vote, and is now the main party with 7 seats out of a total of 24. In the 2003 elections, the VB also made significant gains in two provinces - Limburg 15.7 per cent (up 3 per cent) and 14.1 per cent in West Flanders (up 3 per cent). Both these provinces are rural areas, where there are few immigrants and low crime rates. In the Brussels region, the VB increased its share of the vote from 1.8 per cent to 5.9 per cent, thus becoming the most important Dutch-speaking party in the country's capital.

In the European parliamentary elections in June 2004, the VB increased its share of the vote to gain an extra MEP to make a total of three. And in regional elections, the share of the vote soared in Flanders.With 24 per cent of the vote the VB has 32 out of the 124 seats on the Flemish Council. VB leader Filip Dewinter took 148,503 votes, making him the most popular politician in Flanders. The VB has six seats in the Brussels-capital region out of a total of 99.

National Front (FN)

Led by Daniel Féret

1.98%
 of the 2003 general election votes

Extreme-Right party which is closely linked to the French FN, campaigns against immigration and for strong law and order measures and stands for the nationalism of the French-speaking regions of Belgium.

Although it gained under 5% of vote in the 2003 general election (the usual benchmark for representation in parliament under proportional representation), the Belgian voting system is such that the FN still has one MP in the Chamber of Representatives and one seat in the Senate. In the 2003 general election, the FN gained support and has 5.6 per cent of the vote in Wallonia and is the third largest party in the Hainaut region. In the city of Charleroi, it registered 12 per cent of the vote.

The FN's popularity is rising in the traditional socialist heartland of Wallonia. In communes in cities like Charleroi and Mons, as well as in the more rural Philipeville region, FN candidates won over 15 per cent of the vote in regional elections in 2004.